MAP Kinase p44/42, phosphorylated (Thr202/Tyr204) (MAPK3/MAPK1, Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 1, MAP Kinase 1, MAPK 1, ERT1, Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 2, ERK-2, MAP Kinase Isoform p42, p42-MAPK, Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 2, MAP Kinas

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a widely conserved family of serine/threonine protein kinases involved in many cellular programs such as cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and death. The p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) signaling pathway can be activated in response to a diverse range of extracellular stimuli including mitogens, growth factors, and cytokines (1-3) and is an important target in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer (4). Upon stimulation, a sequential three-part protein kinase cascade is initiated, consisting of a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK or MAP3K), a MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK or MAP2K), and a MAP kinase (MAPK). Multiple p44/42 MAP3Ks have been identified, including members of the Raf family as well as Mos and Tpl2/Cot. MEK1 and MEK2 are the primary MAPKKs in this pathway (5,6). MEK1 and MEK2 activate p44 and p42 through phosphorylation of activation loop residues Thr202/Tyr204 and Thr185/Tyr187, respectively. Several downstream targets of p44/42 have been identified, including p90RSK (7) and the transcription factor Elk-1 (8,9). p44/42 are negatively regulated by a family of dual-specificity (Thr/Tyr) MAPK phosphatases, known as DUSPs or MKPs (10), along with MEK inhibitors such as U0126 and PD98059. Applications: Suitable for use in Western Blot, Immunofluorescence and Flow Cytometry. Other applications have not been tested. Recommended Dilutions: Western Blot: 1:1000. Incubate membrane with diluted antibody in 5% BSA, 1X TBS, 0.1% Tween-20 at 4C with gentle shaking, overnight. Immunofluorescence (IF-IC): 1:200 Flow Cytometry: 1:200 Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.