Synaptophysin (p38) is an abundant integral membrane protein of small synaptic vesicles in the brain. It is also present in endocrine cells, where it is associated with small electron-translucent vesicles. Synaptophysin expression has been widely used as a marker for synaptogenesis in developmental studies in vivo and in vitro and as a marker for neuron-specific cell lineages in tumors of the central nervous system and of peripheral neuroendocrine cell derivation. It has multiple transmembrane regions and a cytoplasmic tail that contains 10 copies of a tyrosine-rich repeat. Biochemical experiments have demonstrated that it transverses the membrane four times and has cytoplasmic carboxyl- and amino-termini. It also contain unstable intramolecular disulfide bonds that spontaneously rearrange, thereby creating higher-order polymers that are larger than the native protein and that have distinctly different biochemical properties. Mutations involving the synaptophysin gene may be responsible for an X-linked disorder. Chromosomal localization of the human gene for synaptophysin established the human SYP locus on the X chromosome in subbands Xpll.22-pll.23. It is involved in structural functions as organizing other membrane components or in targeting the vesicles to the plasma membrane.
Applications:
Suitable for use in Immunohistochemistry. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
Immunohistochemistry (formalin fixed paraffin embedded): 1:25-1:50
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Positive Control:
Pancreas
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
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