Smad proteins belong to a group of intracellular signal transducers and downstream effectors of TGF-beta/BMP Signaling. The family consists of nine members that are highly conserved in the N- and C-terminal regions (1). Smad3 is a key component in intracellular signaling of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), an inhibitor for tumor cell proliferation (2). Smad3 is activated by activin/TGF-beta receptors, which form a heteromeric complex with Smad4, translocating to the nucleus and regulating the expression of TGF- beta target genes. Interaction of Smad3 with Akt, can initiate TGF- betainduced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest (3). Smad3 expression may be critical in tumor suppression in early stages of gastric carcinogenesis.
Applications:
Suitable for use in Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry, Immunohistochemistry-M,
Immunocytochemistry. Other applications not tested.
Recommended Dilution:
Western Blot: 1:1000-1:10000
Immunohistochemistry: 1:100-1:250
Immunohistochemistry-M: 1:50-1:100
Immunocytochemistry: 1:100-1:250
Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher.
Storage and Stability:
May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. Aliquot to avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 12 months. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap.
Manufactured incorporating RabMAb(R) technology under Epitomics US patents, No 5,675,063 and 7,429,487, owned by Abcam.