MAP Kinase p44/42, phosphorylated (Thr202/Tyr204) (MAPK3/MAPK1, Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 1, MAP Kinase 1, MAPK 1, ERT1, Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 2, ERK-2, MAP Kinase Isoform p42, p42-MAPK, Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 2, MAP Kinas

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a widely conserved family of serine/threonine protein kinases involved in many cellular programs such as cell proliferation, differentiation, motility, and death. The p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2) signaling pathway can be activated in response to a diverse range of extracellular stimuli including mitogens, growth factors, and cytokines (1-3) and is an important target in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer (4). Upon stimulation, a sequential three-part protein kinase cascade is initiated, consisting of a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAPKKK), a MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK), and a MAP kinase. While multiple ERK1/2 MAP3Ks have been identified, including the Raf family, Mos, and Tpl2/Cot, MEK1 and MEK2 are the primary MAPKKs in this pathway (5,6). MEK1 and MEK2 activate ERK1/p44 and ERK2/p42 through phosphorylation of activation loop residues Thr202/ Tyr204 and Thr185/Tyr187, respectively. Several downstream targets of ERK1/2 have been identified, including p90RSK (7) and the transcription factor Elk-1 (8,9). ERK1/2 are negatively regulated by a family of dual-specificity (Thr/ Tyr) MAPK phosphatases, known as DUSPs or MKPs (10), along with MEK inhibitors such as U0126 and PD98059. Applications: Suitable for use in Immunofluorescence, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot, Immunoprecipitation and Immunohistochemistry Other applications not tested. Recommended Dilution: Immunofluorescence: 1:200 Flow Cytometry: 1:100 Western Blot: 1:2000 Immunohistochemistry: 1:200 Immunoprecipitation: 1:50 Optimal dilutions to be determined by the researcher. Storage and Stability: May be stored at 4 degrees C for short-term only. For long-term storage, aliquot and store at -20 degrees C. Aliquots are stable for at least 6 months at -20 degrees C. For maximum recovery of product, centrifuge the original vial after thawing and prior to removing the cap. Further dilutions can be made in assay buffer.