Hematopoietic stem cells are known to express a membrane transporter molecule, known as P-glycoprotein (Pgp), that is encoded by the multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) (1, 2). Expression of Pgp appears to confer a proliferative advantage to stem cells through its anti-apoptotic effects (3, 4). A recent finding provides evidence that an additional transporter molecule known as Bcrp1 (Breast cancer resistance protein 1) or ABCG2 (ATP-binding cassette gene 2), first identified in a breast cancer cell line (5), is expressed on stem cells (6). Bcrp1/ABCG2 belongs to a family of molecules that span the cell membrane six times and can exist as either homo or hetero dimers linked by a short intracellular flexible linker region that
plays an important role in the efflux of a wide range of substrates (7). Although these transporter molecules have initially been thought to play a role in drug resistance, lately they have been found to have utility in better characterizing primitive stem cells. For example, the